Ultraviolet light, a form of energy that is part of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum, exhibits shorter wavelengths than visible light but longer wavelengths than X-rays. This form of energy is usually measured in nanometers (nm) – a unit equal to one billionth of a meter or one thousandth of a micron. Ultraviolet light, spanning between 200-400 nm, consists of three categories: UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C. Natural sources like sunlight radiate UV light, though it’s also produced artificially in numerous systems.
Below is a summary of each category with their distinct attributes and potential advantages and disadvantages:
UV-A
Wavelength: 400-320 nm
Considered as the least harmful among UV types
Contributes to 90-95% of the total UV radiation on Earth
Commonly utilized for polymerizing UV adhesives and in fluorescent inspection processes
UV-B
Wavelength: 320-280 nm
Known to cause sunburn and skin cancer
Accounts for 5-10% of UV radiation on Earth
Frequently used to solidify UV inks and lacquers as UVB helps reduce surface tack
UV-C
Wavelength: 280-200 nm
The most damaging type of UV; however, it does not reach the Earth due to atmospheric filtration
Present in artificial sources such as welding torches and certain mercury bulbs
Often used for sterilization and germicidal applications
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